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45° pipe bends, Type 3 | Standard radius

// 45° pipe bends, Type 3, with standard radius for smooth changes of direction in pipework

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45° pipe bend, Type 3: The standard for smooth changes of direction

A right angle is not always the best solution. When it comes to minimising flow resistance or elegantly circumventing obstacles in balustrade construction, the 45° pipe bend, Type 3, is the first choice. As the most common standard bend (Type 3 / Type 3D), its radius of r ≈ 1.5 x outer diameter offers the optimum balance between compactness and flow characteristics. At FeNau GmbH, you can obtain these fittings in raw steel – ready for your weld.

Why Type 3 (standard radius)?

Type 3 (in accordance with DIN 2605-1 or EN 10253) has established itself as the industry standard. The bend radius is 1.5 times the pipe diameter. For you, this means:

  • Optimal flow: Less turbulence than with short radii – ideal for pipework.
  • Harmonious appearance: In balustrade construction, the 45° bend does not look ‘jagged’, but allows the handrail to continue elegantly.
  • Availability: As a standard component, we offer you the best value for money here.

Applications: From ‘floor level changes’ to pipelines

Our customers often use the 45-degree welded elbow in pairs. When two 45° elbows are connected to a short section of pipe, this creates what is known as a ‘level change’ (S-bend). This is the classic method for use in pipework or handrails to compensate for a difference in height or to route the handrail past a wall projection. As our elbows are made of black steel (untreated) , they can be easily tack-welded, aligned and then fully welded.


Frequently asked questions about 45° steel bends (type 3)

Can I make a 90° bend from two 45° bends?

Theoretically, yes, by welding them directly together. In practice, however, this is avoided as it creates an additional weld, which takes time and forms a potential weak point. It is better to use our 90° pipe bends directly for this purpose. The 45° bend is primarily intended for changes in direction of less than 90° or offsets.

How are the dimensions of the 45° elbow defined?

The key dimension is the so-called ‘construction dimension’ (the distance from the centre of the weld edge to the point where the axes intersect). For Type 3, this dimension is standardised. As the material is raw steel, the wall thicknesses are matched to standard boiler tubes and structural tubes.

Are the bends suitable for outdoor use?

The steel elbow supplied is untreated and will corrode when exposed to moisture. After fabrication, the finished railing or pipework must be protected (e.g. by hot-dip galvanising, painting or powder coating).

Choose the standard favoured by professionals. Buy 45° pipe bends, Type 3, now – at competitive prices and with fast delivery from FeNau.